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Folder: Zoology Page 1 of 2

518

Nose cone of NIST glide bomb showing the three-pigeon guidance system.
During World War II, “Project Pigeon”, leaded by American behaviorist B.F. Skinner's, was an attempt to develop a pigeon-guided missile. After several tests, they decided 3 different pigeons, trained to peck a target, would guide the missile. The project was cancelled in 1944 and resumed by the americam navy in 1948 as “Project Orcon” (Organic Control”, to be abandoned in 1953 with the arrival of new electronic guidance systems.

517

Screenshot of film showing pigeon pecking the image of target (vessel). “Project Orcon”, c. 1948-53.
During World War II, “Project Pigeon”, leaded by American behaviorist B.F. Skinner's,
was an attempt to develop a pigeon-guided missile. After several tests, they decided 3 different pigeons, trained to peck a target, would guide the missile. The project was cancelled in 1944 and resumed by the americam navy in 1948 as “Project Orcon” (Organic Control”, to be abandoned in 1953 with the arrival of new electronic guidance systems.

516

Andrée’s Polar Expedition. A seagull displayed at the tent. Probably shot by Andrée on the 22th of August 1897 and recovered in 1930 [Photo Nils Strindberg - Teknisca museer]

475

From J. J. Grandville, "Un Autre Monde", 1844.

441

From J. J. Grandville, "Un Autre Monde", 1844.

440

Reginald Southey (1835-1899) with skeletons of human and monkey. Albumen print 16.7 x 13.7 cm, 1857.

436

Lemuel Roscoe Cleveland (1892-1969), Professor of Zoology, Harvard University, 1925-1959
n.d.
[Acc. 90-105 - Science Service, Records, 1920s-1970s, Smithsonian Institution Archives]

433

Group portrait of dancing bear, trainer, and children at Floria Beach, Istanbul, Turkey, 1915 [Frank and Frances Carpenter Collection (Library of Congress)]

430

Pigeons Bred with Camouflage, 1941
Camouflaged pigeons, with a mottled plumage to make them almost invisible to the enemy, were bred in Ontario, during WWII, by Ray R. Delhauer, a retired officer.
Believing that pigeons were too vulnerable because bright patches of white or colored feathers made them an easy target, Delhauer bred and crossbred his birds until he achieved a strain with mottled gray and dusty white feathers on their under-bodies as well as on their wings and backs.
(Popular Science, Jan, 194, p. 81)

428

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